فارغ التحصيلان مترجمي زبان انگليسي 86

WHICH WORD?

also / as well / too

Also is more formal than as well and too, and it usually comes before the main verb or after be: I went to New York last year, and I also spent some time in Washington. In BrE it is not usually used at the end of a sentence. Too is much more common in spoken and informal English. It is usually used at the end of a sentence:
'I'm going home now.' 'I'll come too.'. In BrE as well is used like too, but in AmE it sounds formal or old-fashioned.
When you want to add a second negative point in a negative sentence, use not...either: She hasn't phoned and she hasn't written either. If you are adding a negative point to a positive one, you can use not...as well/too:
You can have a burger, but you can't have fries as well.

Usage Note: Some maintain that it is inappropriate to begin a sentence with also. In an earlier survey, however, 63 percent of the Usage Panel found acceptable the example The warranty covers all power-train components. Also, participating dealers back their work with a free lifetime service guarantee.

Common Mistakes

1
BAD: We also would like to be given more fresh food.
GOOD: We would also like to be given more fresh food.
BAD: The school has also a gymnasium.
GOOD: The school also has a gymnasium.
BAD: Besides the nature society, there also is a music society.
GOOD: Besides the nature society, there is also a music society.
2
BAD: I don't like your climate and I don't like English food also.
GOOD: I don't like your climate and I don't like English food either.
BAD: He doesn't also recommend winter holidays.
GOOD: He doesn't recommend winter holidays either.
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3
DUBIOUS: Women are often better at negotiating than men. Also, they don't give up so easily.
GOOD: Women are often better at negotiating than men. What's more, they don't give up so easily.
DUBIOUS: A footbridge would take too long to build. Also, it would be of no use to the disabled.
GOOD: A footbridge would take too long to build. Furthermore, it would be of no use to the disabled.
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When you want to add another reason and give it special emphasis or importance, use furthermore, moreover, what's more or besides : 'The drug has powerful side effects. Moreover, it can be addictive.' Also is not wrong but does not have the same persuasive force.